Essay --

Pengenalan Di Malaysia, perkara 3(1) Perlembagaan Persekutuan memperuntukkan bahawa Islam adalah Agama Persekutuan akan tetapi lain-lain agama boleh diamalkan dengan aman dan damai di mana-mana bahagian Persekutuan. Sebelum kedatangan Inggeris undang-undang yang dikuti di negeri-negeri Melayu ialah undang-undang Islam dan adat Melayu yang sesuai. Mahkamah dalam kes Ramah lawan Laton telah memutuskan bahawa undang-undang Islam adalah undang-undang tempatan dan undang-undang negeri. Akan tetapi pengaruh undang-undang Inggeris telah dimasukkan melalui perundangan dan keputusan hakim. Supaya undang-undang Islam dikembalikan sebagai undang-undang asas dan utama bagi orang-orang Islam di Malaysia, hendaklah dinaikkan taraf dan kedudukan Mahkamah Syariah dan membebaskan dari gangguan dan campur tangan Mahkamah Sivil. Pindaan kepada Perkara 121 Perlembagaan Persekutuan yang dibuat pada tahun 1998 adalah merupakan langkah permulaan kearah tersebut. Banyak lagi yang harus dilakukan untuk meninggikan Pentadbiran Undang-undang Islam di Malaysia dan untuk membolehkan Mahkamah Syariah menjalankan tugasnya dengan baik. Di negara kita, Malaysia, Undang-undang Syariah ditadbirkan di Mahkamah Syariah dan Common Law ditadbirkan di Mahkamah Sivil. Melalui perundangan, undang-undang berasaskan Inggeris telah diterima seperti Kanun Keseksaan, Akta Keterangan, Akta Kontrak, Kanun Jenayah, Kanun Acara Sivil dan Undang-undang Tanah. Kuasa mengenai perundangan Hukum Syarak ada di peruntukkan dalam Jadual ke 9, Senarai 2 †Senarai Negeri Perlembagaan Persekutuan. Dalam pada itu, telah terdapat perkara dimana Mahkamah Sivil boleh menjalankan bidangkuasanya sungguhpun perkara itu mengenai undang-undang diri dan keluarga orang-orang Islam. Umpamanya dalam ... ... merangka dokumen undang-undang, atau memberi bantuan guaman. Sejarah Perundangan Islam. Sebelum masuknya pengaruh kerajaan British di negeri-negeri Melayu, undang-undang Islam dan Adat Melayu ialah undang-undang asas atau undang-undang negeri. Undang-undang Islam yang diikuti itu meliputi semua bidang termasuklah Undang-undang Keluarga, Undang-undang Jenayah, Undang-undang Tanah, Undang-undang Mal, dan Undang-undang Acara dan Keterangan. Kumpulan undang-undang Melayu lama seperti Undang-undang Melaka atau undang-undang yang dikumpulkan untuk Sultan Pahang mempunyai peruntukan bagi Undang-undang Mal, Undang-undang Keterangan dan Undang-undang Acara. Di Turki, Majallat-al-ahkam adalah suatu kumpulan undang-undang Mal Islam, telah diterjemahkan ke Bahasa Melayu dan diiktiraf sebagai undang-undang yang harus diikuti di mahkamah-mahkamah di Johor pada tahun 1914.

Free Macbeth Essays: Character, Language, Atmosphere and Irony :: Macbeth essays

Character, Language, Atmosphere and Irony in Macbeth What sort of individuals are the characters in this dramatization? How might we choose? Characters in Shakespearean show are decided by (I) their activities; (ii) what others state of them (iii) what they themselves state in broad daylight (iv) by what they state in monologue, for example when verbally processing or in 'asides' . We will in general appointed authority individuals by their activities and by what they state in broad daylight, yet these are not generally a genuine impression of the genuine character; individuals don't generally uncover themselves to other people, so we can just acknowledge this proof with reservation. In 'Macbeth' we discover that Duncan has been deluded by the principal Thane of Cawdor whom he considered to have been a noble man on whom I manufactured A flat out trust yet who was liable of injustice. Again Lady Macbeth's words to Duncan, Act I, Sc. vi Your hirelings ever Have theirs, themselves, and what is theirs, in compt, To make their review at you r Greatness' pleasure, Still to restore your own, are spoken soon after she has concluded that he will be killed. Just when they think aloud,(soliloquy), would we be able to acknowledge without reservation what they state. In speech lies truth. Simultaneously there are various translations of a speech, and of the tone wherein it is spoken. Everything relies upon the peruser's mentality. It is a decent way to deal with be receptive, to endeavor to take a gander at the two sides of the inquiry, before coming to an end result. Language In Macbeth Language Language is comprised of words and sounds; it is worried about making impact by creating pictures and by putting words. It incorporates sentence structure, expression and even tone. Symbolism includes the working of the faculties, the clear portrayal of a scent, a song, a visual picture, of taste or contact. Language structure alludes to the request for words in a sentence, the length of sentences. It is related with style and symbolism, for example in the utilization of reversal (changing the typical request of words frequently for accentuation), shrouds (overlooking certain words) and direct opposite (setting single word or thought against another with the object of uplifting the impact of what is said). Style is the essayist's selection of words. The producer may utilize strict terms, specialized terms, lingo, or may even make words. He may utilize multi-syllabic words, or monosyllabic words. The symbolism in Shakespeare has been talked about somewhere else.

Organizational Structure Article Review Essay -- essays research paper

Survey The motivation behind this paper is to quickly sum up the article, â€Å"The manager’s job in building a creative organization†. I will give a short depiction of the sorting out capacity of the executives. I will likewise relate the ideas to Aearo Company, while including my suggestions dependent on the article. Outline The article talks about how associations must change to make due in a serious market. Organizations must change how they assemble data, execute the data, and bolster the workers that get the data. Social event Information The executives should utilize their employee’s thoughts as an asset, not just in light of the fact that it is more affordable than outside data, yet additionally it underpins worker association. Utilizing groups that incorporate individuals from various divisions can expand correspondence and discernment while seeking after an objective. Execute Information An association that can settle on choices quicker, and alter course at the â€Å"drop of a hat†, is increasingly flexible and will in all likelihood endure longer. â€Å"Old time† choices that were made by top administration or a governing body, could require a significant stretch of time to stream down the positions and really be executed all the while. Groups that are given the position to settle on snappy choices can complete things quicker, and are progressively receptive to the client. Bolster the Employees  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â &n...

Business Chapters Essay Example For Students

Business Chapters Essay Corporate Bankruptcy Building a fruitful business is troublesome and while doing so some may experience monetary hardship. The law has set up a procedure that can help salvage organizations. This is called insolvency. What is insolvency to an organization? How does liquidation salvage organizations? The peruser will comprehend the importance of insolvency to an enterprise, be acclimated with kinds of procedures, and relate to organizations that have been protected by chapter 11 procedures. Liquidation is a government arrangement of rules and courts which licenses people and organizations which can't pay account holders or now and again face potential indebtedness, to put their money related obligations heavily influenced by the insolvency court (www.law.com). The manner in which this works is that when the businesss obligations surpass its advantages or can't pay, the business can record a request with the chapter 11 court. This called petitioning for deliberate liquidation. In the event that a business doesn't declare financial insolvency the unpaid leasers can record an automatic appeal to drive the business into liquidation (www.law.com). It is better and generally normal for organizations for document intentional chapter 11 (www.law.com). There are three kinds of petitions: Chapter 7, Chapter 11 and Chapter 13 (www.law.com). The most well known is for business to appeal to is under Chapter 7 (www.law.com). In Chapter 7, organizations are selected a trustee by the court (www.law.com). The trustee resembles a budgetary wizard. The trustee checks up the organizations resources with the plans of keeping them from the chapter 11, pays obligations the business owes with paying charges first (www.law.com). The trustee at that point centers around paying made sure about obligations, for example, contracts and in conclusion debts without collateral (www.law.com). At that point the court authoritatively proclaims the business bankrupt and releases the unpayabl e obligations, this is a lost for the leasers (www.law.com). Documenting a liquidation appeal will suspend all current legitimate activities like dispossession and other burden of judgment. Organizations can't petition for financial protection again for a long time (www.law.com). Part 11 chapter 11 permits a business to redesign and renegotiate to forestall disengagement of the association (www.law.com). More often than not there is no trustee named, yet the business is offered time to introduce an arrangement of redesign (www.law.com). This doesn't generally function admirably for business (www.law.com). The last arrangement ordinarily makes the leaser decline the sum owed or take regularly scheduled installments over a significant stretch of time (www.law.com). Section 13 is like Chapter 11, yet is for people to work out installment plans, which is bound to be beneficial. Insolvency law has become a claim to fame because of complex guideline just as organization (www.law.com). Wit h these three alternatives for an association to save itself from money related hardship has this assistance any organizations spare itself. There are a couple of associations of whom have been saved by chapter 11 and a not many that are as of now encountering hardship. In this paper you will find out about 3M, NationsRent and Kmart. These three organizations has recorded a chapter 11 petitions and was safeguarded. 3M Company, what a surprising organization and when confronted with money related hardship they drove forward. 3m is a universal partnership with auxiliary organizations in excess of 60 nations and are in about 200 markets, also their global activities (http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC). Their items run from post it notes and scotch tape to transdermal patches of nitroglycerin. This enterprise has seven diverse business divisions with fifty distinctive office. How did this partnership who is currently the biggest assembling in Minnesota become animated? It was 19 02 and five innovative and diligent northern Minnesota specialists with different occupations met up and established 3M Company (http://www.3m.com./about3M/histroy/founders.jhtml). They were not extremely brilliant business visionaries they previously endeavored to mine the uncommon mineral corundum or so they thought, the material ended up being a poor quality anorthosite, a for all intents and purposes pointless molten stone (http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC). This practically bankrupt the organization yet they didn't surrender. .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657 , .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657 .postImageUrl , .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657 .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657 , .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657:hover , .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657:visited , .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657:active { border:0!important; } .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657:active , .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657:hover { obscurity: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: re lative; } .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content design: underline; } .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enhancement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u4c 59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u4c59af9481bc85cba306112cba9d5657:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The Red Scare (1992 words) EssayIn 1905 rule speculator named Edgar B. Ordway persuaded companion Lucius Pond Ordway an independent mogul to get together with him saving 3M (http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC). Ordway paid the companys obligation of thirteen thousand dollars and included twelve thousand dollars as capital (http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC). He proceeded to contribute an extra 200 and fifty thousand dollars to develop the business and include benefit. Ordway did this for 3M without a pay and in 1910 he moved the organization to St. Paul after World War I (http://galenet.galegroup.com/se rvlet/BCRC). This is when 3M turned into a solid organization. It has endeavor from liquidation to a multi-billion dollar organization (http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC). 3Ms achievement didn't come simple and they have substantiated themselves deserving of their situation in the business advertise (http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC). It is as of now the biggest assembling in Minnesota and the 89th biggest in the US over all (http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC). Fifty-two percent of their business income is from global deals (http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC). They have 50,000 items in more than 60 areas and about 200 markets (http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC).3M stocks are at present at 80.57 on the New York Stock Exchange (http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BCRC). NationsRent didn't have a similar achievement, yet they are as yet constructing their business. NationsRent was established in August 1997 (www.nationsrent.com). NationsRent is a gear rental organization. They lease everything from digging tools to escavators to bull dozers (www.hover.com/nationsrent/ID_57275/free-co-factsheet.xhtml). The Company serves a both business and private clients; they are in homes and on building destinations (www.nationsrent.com). NationsRent assemble their company by buying little mother and pap gear rental stores and construct an enormous organization. In October 2000, NationsRent entered a partnership contract with Lowes Companies, Inc (www.nationsrent.com). This partnership give NationsRent the chance to include a NationRent rental focus onto Lowes stores (www.nationsrent.com). However, this exchange caused NationsRent a great deal of money related weight that the enterprise was not set up for. On December 18, 2001 NationsRent petitioned for Chapter 11 insolvency. NationsRent didn't surrender. They set an arrangement for redesign. NationsRent adhered to their arrangement, as a representative at the time I can vouch for that (www.nationsrent.com). I was the National Account supervisor for NationsRent up to January 2003. As of March 2004, the Company worked 99 of our stores at Lowes home improvement stores and hopes to have an aggregate of 100 such stores before the finish of June 2004 (www.nationsrent.com). In 2004, Rental Equipment Register, positioned NationsRent number 6 out of the best 100 gear rental organizations for the year (www.nationsrent.com). NationsRents has made some amazing progress however they have made it and looks solid. I trusting a similar accomplishment for Kmart. More than one hundred years back, Sebastian Spering Kresge opened a five-and-dime store in downtown Detroit and changed the whole scene of retailing (www.kmart.com). Kresge didn't stop there today that one store has duplicated into in excess of 1,500 stores and an Internet nearness that arrives at a great many clients (www.kmart.com). War and financia

William Caslon typeface analysis Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

William Caslon typeface investigation - Term Paper Example The procedure of type establishing by William Caslon comprised four separate errands. The main stage in this perplexing advance was punch cutting which included cutting the identical representation of a character, letter or figure in help. This procedure was done on the finish of shank toughened take that was later tempered. The second procedure underway of type involved pursuing which included ornamenting metal by devices and a sledge made for indenting. Following this procedure was throwing which involved putting the grid in shape hand and thusly the chamber form was realigned to fit the components of the cast character. The inevitable pieces were intended to be a three dimensional result of the character cast from the punch. The last activity comprised of dressing the sort which included sort press readiness, for example, severing the stream and recording off form bulges. It is of significance to take note of that the Caslon types represented usefulness, quality and nearness of clarity. Calson continued to cut a lot of non-Latin sorts, for example, Armenian, Coptic, Arabic, Greek and Hebrew. A portion of the remarkable textual styles by William Caslon incorporated the ; Big Caslon, Caslon Graphique, Caslon Old Face, ITC Caslon no. 224, ITC Founders Caslon, ITC Founder’s Caslon Ornaments. The text styles structured by Caslon showed a displaying delicacy and a plan assortment that was not obvious in the Dutch kinds. One of the unmistakable contrasts between the Caslon types and Dutch sorts was dreariness. Basically, the Caslon types were less dull contrasted with the Dutch sorts which were distinctively tedious. To this end, the littler size Caslon letters when dissected were not immaculate separately. Nonetheless, their mass impact was pleasing. The Caslon Old style no. 471 is viewed as the metal form that is impressively identified with William Caslon’s firsts. Besides, the Caslon Old style Italics and Romans are delivered from the first

Do you want to specialize in United Nations Studies next year COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Do you want to specialize in United Nations Studies next year COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog If you havent heard, the long anticipated United Nations Studies specialization has arrived at SIPA!   The 2014â€"2015 academic year marks a new chapter in United Nations Studies (UNS) at SIPA. Due to the hard work of UNS Director, Professor Elisabeth Lindenmayer, and the enthusiasm of committed students in the previous academic year, the SIPA administration, led by Dean Merit Janow, agreed to a more institutionalized structure for UNS. Now, for the first time in the history of SIPA, students are able to choose a  specialization in UN Studies!  Accordingly, the “co-curricular” status of the formerly known United Nations Studies Program was phased out, making way for the UNS specialization path of study, under the umbrella of the International Organizations (IO) specialization. The new two-track option will see IO and UNS specializers taking the same “International Organizations” core course and choosing two courses among  a menu of electives  for either track, depending on the type and scope of international organizations that students wish to study. The department is also considering a course on  writing techniques for UN drafts and resolutions, as well as a debate society to conduct mock UN simulations.Students that have selected to be UNS specializers come from diverse concentrations at SIPA, including  Economic and Political Development,  International Security Policy  and  Urban and Social Policy, among others. This is reflective of the UN as the biggest global institution encompassing so many facets such as health, development, finance, human rights, communications and the environment.  These myriad perspectives are sure to benefit the new UNS specialization and all involved look forward to a productive year ahead! (You may learn more about the s pecializations first semester by reading the  Fall 2014 newsletter.) The UNS specialization may be for applicants like you, if youre interested in learning about global economic governance,how countries negotiate on resolutions,  or discovering useful skills that can be successful in the UN. Do you want to be a part of the new UNS specialization next year? (Or another  one of the eight  specializations to complement your policy concentration?) Then complete your application to SIPA by the deadline, February 5, 2015.  (Note: Application forms dont require you to select a specialization. You will choose your specialization after youre admitted to SIPA.) We look forward to receiving your materials and learning why youre interested in pursuing your chosen  concentration  and/or specialization at SIPA!

Trauma in Persepolis A Catalyst for Change - Literature Essay Samples

The autobiographical graphic novel Persepolis follows the journey of Marjane Satrapi’s life as she experiences the dangers of the Iran war. Satrapi’s narrative provides a personal look into life during the Iran war, following her throughout not only her childhood in Iran but into her travels as a teenager up until her departure to France as an adult. Throughout her childhood and adolescence she is faced with many painful events and obstacles due to the consequences of the war, which have shaped her character. Satrapi displays how her personal growth is shaped by moments of trauma, through the execution of her Uncle Anoosh, her survivors guilt while in Austria, and her attempted suicide in Iran. These occurrences serve to develop her character and transform her into the person she is by the end of the book. During her childhood, Marji is forced to learn about death at a young age when her uncle Anoosh is executed. This traumatic event shifts Marji’s perspective on death and religion. The top panel of page 70 (see figure 1) depicts a newspaper with the cover story â€Å"Russian Spy Executed,† along with a picture of Anoosh and the two swans made of bread he gave Marji. This image follows after saying goodbye to him, and she thinks, â€Å"That was my last time meeting with my beloved Anoosh† (70). Marji is forced to cope with the death of her uncle during a vital point in her development. By being exposed to death so vividly at such an early age, she is forced to face the tragic realities of war, something that children should not have to experience. Up until this point, Marji had only a vague idea of what war encompasses, shifting her perspective of death as she realizes the permanence. She is turning away from her childhood games of â€Å"torture and killing† and is beginning to realize the severity of death. The depiction of young Maji floating in space on the full-page panel on page 71 (see figure 2) with the caption â€Å"And so I was lost, without any bearings, what could be worse than that? It was the beginning of the war† (71). Marji has just experienced losing a loved one for the first time causing her to feel lost and thrown off balance. On page 70 when God comes into her room, she yells angrily at him, telling him to â€Å"Get out!† (see figure 3). She feels betrayed and begins to question why God lets bad things happen, she feels lost after this encounter with God. First, she loses her role model Uncle Anoosh, and now she has banished God who until that point had guided her through the obstacles in her life. She finds herself alone, without anyone to comfort her, neither God nor Anoosh can offer their reassuring advice. The image shows her floating in space, which is representative of how empty and alone she feel s. The loss of her uncle leads her to question her faith, shaping her into a person who no longer believes in God’s power to command justice. This trauma serves as a rude awakening to Marji, creating the war and all its consequences to be much more tangible to her as she no longer has God or Uncle Anoosh as her support system. In her adolescence Marji moves to Austria. There, Marji is haunted by the fact that her loved ones in Iran are in danger while she is safe now in Austria. Additionally, she is forced to hide her Iranian identity for fear of being stereotyped in her new country. The first panel on page 194 (see figure 4) displays Marji looking at a TV set where there is news playing about a bombing in Iran, her face is sad, she narrates, â€Å"I felt so guilty that whenever there was news about Iran, I changed the channel† (194). Marji begins to develop survivors guilt for being in Austria while her family is left at home in Iran. She feels as though she is not doing anything for her home country and as a result, she begins to perceive herself as a disappointment because of the vices shes gained. Because of all the sacrifices her parents made to send her to Austria, Marji believes she should be excelling in life. This shame of not doing enough and feeling like she is letting down her parents bu ilds up until she begins to push thoughts of Iran to the side altogether. As she begins to to push away her memories of Iran, in order not to feel guilty, she progressively distances herself from her culture, eventually denying it altogether out of fear of being judged. The top panel of page 197 (see figure 5) shows Marji yelling at the girls who are gossiping about her for being Iranian, the font is exaggerated and aggressive: â€Å"You are going to shut up or I am going to make you! I am Iranian and proud of it!† (197). After denying her nationality on various occasions to avoid being targeted, she realizes she needs to be who she is unapologetically. The size of the font symbolizes how she is taking control and saying it loud and proud, this serves as a redemption for continuously denying her Iranian self. After declaring this she feels much more confident and comfortable in her own skin. Through experiencing survivors guilt and attempting to disregard her heritage she is faced with the dilemma of being vocal and proud about her roots and risk being discriminated against or remaining quiet and avoid judgement. She chooses to be true to her roots and proclaim her nationality, this helps establish Marji as a strong woman who stays true to the morals instilled in her by her Iranian upbringing. Marji moves back to Iran as an adult and due to her displacement she feels alienated in her home country and attempts suicide. After Marji attempts suicide, her therapist could not comprehend how she survived after consuming such a large dosage and in response to this she narrates, â€Å"I inferred from this that I was not made to die† (273) (see figure 6). Her attempted suicide serves as a catalyst for beginning her â€Å"new life,† shortly after surviving she feels a purpose for living. It is as if some higher power has saved her from not dying and this keeps her going. This traumatic moment serves to coax her into changing her life and putting in extra effort. These efforts prove beneficiary in the future. Marji transforms herself and becomes what she describes as a â€Å"sophisticated woman† (274). This panel (see figure 7) portrays the â€Å"new† Marji, she is wearing a dress, makeup, and has gotten her hair professionally done. It shows how she has g one through a makeover in order to jumpstart the transition into her new life. All of Marji’s emotions have been repressed for years because of the trauma she has gone through. As she begins to change herself shes becomes more in touch with who she is, she begins to direct her life towards new goals. She goes back to school and eventually moves to France to pursue a higher education and to be able to live as she yearns for. Had it not been for the trauma’s Marji experienced she would not have developed into the person she is at the end of the novel. In Persepolis, Marjane Satrapi thus illustrates how moments of trauma source growth and change, through three major events in her life. She illustrates how events in life can change people and shape them into who they are, regardless of how much control they have over the situation. Appendix Figure 1 (pg. 70) Figure 2 (pg. 71) Figure 3 (pg. 70) Figure 4 (pg. 194)Figure 5 (pg. 197) Figure 6 (pg. 273) Figure 7 (pg. 274)

Essay on Poverty and Sociology - 1344 Words

In 2010, about 46.2 million people were considered poor. The nation’s poverty rate rose to 15.1 percent, whereas in 2009, 14.3 percent of people in America were living in poverty (Censky, 2011). That is an increase of 2.6 million people in 2010. In the United States, the federal poverty line – an absolute measure of annual income – is frequently used to determine who is categorized as poor (Ferris Stein, 2008, 2010). Currently the government defines the poverty line as an income of $11,139 for an individual and $22,314 for a family of four (Censky, 2011). In sociology, poverty can be defined using two terms – relative deprivation and absolute deprivation. Relative deprivation is a comparison between people and social class. With†¦show more content†¦The theory was later adopted by social scientists and used for American poverty, specifically in inner cities. Controversy has arisen from the theory and the majority have come to agree that a cultur e of poverty is nonexistent since the theory tends to blame poverty stricken victims for their own misfortunes while disregarding their social conditions. The just-world hypothesis also plays a role within the culture of poverty controversy. The just-world hypothesis refers to peoples tendency to believe that the world is just and that people get what they deserve (Cherry). People want to believe that the world, society as a whole, is a fair place to achieve lifetime goals and that victims that contradict that belief asked for their misfortunes. When faced with poverty, many individuals become uncaring and disinterested; he or she feels less of a need to start in ways to change society or to lessen the situations of social victims. Another theory that relates to poverty is the conflict theory. Conflict theory is a paradigm that sees social conflict as the basis of society and social change and emphasizes a materialistic view of society, a critical view of the status quo, and a dyn amic model of historical change (Ferris Stein, 2008, 2010). The theory was originally brought on by Karl Marx, and was later adapted and further developed by other theorists; for example, Max Weber. Looking at poverty through the lens of the conflict theory, weShow MoreRelatedPoverty Sociology1553 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: POVERTY AND IT’S EVERYDAY LIFE CHANGES 1 Poverty and its Everyday Life Changes Professor Deanna R. Lindsey Sociology 100, Strayer University November 4, 2011 POVERTY AND IT’S EVERYDAY LIFE CHANGES 2 Abstract This report tells of the ratings of poverty in the United States and America. It tells how poverty is constantly changing the lives of men, women, and children on an everyday basis. It speaks of things we can do as a society to help support and changeRead MorePoverty and Crime (Sociology)1600 Words   |  7 PagesAshley Duran Sociology 1101 August 9, 2010 Poverty and Crime A social issue that has always intrigued me was crime (petty crime, violent crime, etc) in impoverished urban areas and the social and economic impact that crime causes in these areas. Before conducting my research into this topic, I have always pondered why crime and poverty are so closely related. Are these two so closely linked solely because of the lack of income in the area? Or are there someRead MoreSociology: Poverty and Stratification812 Words   |  4 PagesLiving with a poverty level income is a difficulty facing many people around the world; poverty is a cultural universal, or trait found in every known culture – not an expression of individual differences. The most basic explanation for this is the trend towards social stratification, the system by which society organizes itself into a hierarchy. In some cultures this is manifest in the form of a caste system in which people who are in poverty have little to no chance of escaping it. In the UnitedRead More Sociology : The Social Problem Of Poverty1251 Words   |  6 PagesSociology is the scientific study of interactions and relations among individuals. Sociology allows people to understand why groups of people act the way they do, and allows us to examine their culture, background, and heritage. The study of sociology also explains how culture plays a role in the way groups of people act, and how it reflects their society. C. Wright Mills said that the sociological imagination is the ability to look beyond the personal troubles of people to see the public issuesRead MoreSociology Is The Study Of Social Behavior969 Words   |  4 PagesSociology is the study of social behavior. Social behavior has to deal with a society, its development, organizations, and networks. Poverty, the struggling middle class, education and social mobility, inequality,  social class and the health care system, are also important aspects of sociology. In class, we are currently discussing social class. So cial class is a division of a society that is heavily based upon social and economic status. In the United States, there are many cases in which povertyRead MoreSociology Is The Scientific Study Of Society And Human Behavior895 Words   |  4 Pagesto the Marriam Webster dictionary, the simple definition of sociology is â€Å"the study of society, social institution, and social relationships. Based on the textbook, â€Å"sociology is the scientific study of society and human behavior† (G-6). Through the two definitions, one can deduce that the study of Sociology is a discipline that explains and analysis the human culture in terms of their social relationships and social institutions. 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While there are a number of contributing factors that create this mass inequality, the scope of this argument will focus on education. The American schooling system is lagging behind globally and the current programs in place are ineffective to the point of being detrimental. This paper assertsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Goodbye At Factory Towns By Maynard Seider1170 Words   |  5 Pagesstimulate the economy and possibly attract related businesses. The documentary views how successful MASS MoCA truly was and shows that, although the museum did help boost the economy, the town still struggles with issues such as unemployment and poverty today. Towns that intend to get back on their feet again after an economic downfall can be found across the globe and such situations can most definitely, and should most definitely, be looked at in a sociological way. One can research if, and howRead MoreThe Arguments And Conflict For Public Sociology Essay1496 Words   |  6 Pagespublic sociology. The main focus is to see the consequences for public sociology by exploring three key points .Public sociology encompasses the working together of the sociologist, the academic and the public to identify and resolve issues that confront the communities and attempt to improve their well-being. These issues may have to do with the effects of globalisation on the environment, multi- national corporations, social justice and civil society. There is a need for a public sociology that values

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Slave Narratives Were The Dominant Literary Mode - 1924 Words

Slave narratives were the dominant literary mode in the early African-American literature. Thousands of accounts and writings, some legitimate and some fiction of white abolitionists, were published in the years between 1800 and the Civil War. These documents were written to promote the antislavery cause and to describe in detail how slaves were typically treated in the south. Most slave narratives in this time period attempted to appeal to the emotions of the white readers and often described of the severe whippings and injuries inflicted on black slaves. Like most all slave narratives, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, written by slave Harriet Jacob’s, intends to make white Americans aware of the sexual victimization that slave woman faced as well as to share her experience with abuse of slavery, her daily struggles to gain respect, and the details of her escape. Jacob’s story strongly emphasizes the problems faced by female slaves involving sexual abuse and sep aration of family. Due to the skilled, honest, and complete way she tells her story, it has become one of the most popular and most read slave narratives of all time. This primary source supports many themes from secondary sources pertaining to slavery. Brenda E. Stevenson’s â€Å"Slave Marriage and Family Relations† and Nell Painter’s â€Å"Soul Murder and Slavery† are two readings which specifically connect to Jacob’s story. Jacob’s supports the interpretations of gender and sexuality themes from these readings inShow MoreRelatedAnger Is A Weapon Of Destruction1521 Words   |  7 Pagessarcasm, ignoring or in a sense of revenge. Anger is found everywhere in life, from the very first word of the Iliad through all literary genres. Literary works show how the powerful anger has taken part in the human affairs since ancient times. The anger of the gods is found in a number of elaborated mythologies. In Greek and Roman stories, kings and emperors were the most feared angry figures. The Roman emperor Caligula, famous for his anger and insane murderousness, blended myth and terrifyingRead MoreJean Toomer- An African American Writer1188 Words   |  5 Pagesa degree, his educational pursuits laid the foundation for his writing career. He had the knowledge of philosophy and psychology. He attempted to write when he was a youth, but he made a choice to pursue a literary career in 1919. After he published Cane he became part of New York literary circles. He objected both rivalries that prevailed in the fraternity of writers and to attempts to promote him as a black writer (Claypool 3). In Washington of 1921 he took care of his grandparents and wroteRead MoreThe History of American Literature3501 Words   |  15 Pagesearliest form of literature in what would one day be known as America were far from what modern day people would consider Literature. The Natives who inhabited this land first had unwritten ways of passing on experiences, beliefs, and stories. Natives relied heavily on the verbal telling of these stories to younger generations. The same stories, fables, or belief structures were told repeatedly, each time identical to the last, and were memorized by the listeners so they would be able to pass these onRead MoreHistory of the Development of the Short Story.3660 Words   |  15 PagesThe Short Story. Basic Literary Elements of The Short Story. 1.1.History of The Development of The Short Story. 1.1.1.Early Forms.Origins. The short story refers to a work of fiction that is usually written in prose, usually in narrative format. This format or medium tends to be more pointed than longer works of fiction, such as novellas (in the 20th and 21st century sense) and novels or books. Short story definitions based upon length differ somewhat even among professional writersRead MoreBlack Naturalism and Toni Morrison: the Journey Away from Self-Love in the Bluest Eye8144 Words   |  33 PagesAlthough my students were unaware of it, in a sense what they were questioning from the standpoint of literary criticism is not only the theory of postmodernism with its emphasis on race, class and gender, but the theory of naturalism as well: the idea that one s social and physical environments can drastically affect one s nature and potential for surviving and succeeding in this world. In this article, I will explore Toni Morrison s The Bluest Eye from a naturalistic perspective; however, whileRead MoreOscar Wilde Fairy Tales4397 Words   |  18 PagesTHE TRAGIC MODE IN OSCAR WILDE’S FAIRY TALES DÉBORAH SCHEIDT, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa ABSTRACT: In this paper we examine the articulation of the tragic mode in Oscar Wilde‟s collection of fairy tales The Happy Prince and Other Stories, especially in â€Å"The Young King†, â€Å"The Selfish Giant† and â€Å"The Birthday of the Infanta.† By â€Å"tragic mode† we mean, in this context, the vestiges left by Greek tragedy and its development, the Elizabethan tragedy, in a piece of nineteenth century fictionRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 PagesRenaissance Postmodernism Contemporary Puritan Times period of American Literature - 1650-1750 Content: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · errand into the wilderness be a city upon a hill Christian utopia Genre/Style: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · sermons, diaries personal narratives captivity narratives jeremiads written in plain style Effect: ï‚ · ï‚ · instructive reinforces authority of the Bible and church Historical Context: ï‚ · ï‚ · a person s fate is determined by God all people are corrupt and must be saved by Christ RationalismRead MoreCan the Subaltern Speak9113 Words   |  37 Pagesthe track of ideology. The participants in this conversation emphasize the most important contributions of French poststructuralist theory: first, that the networks of power/desire/interest are so heterogeneous that their reduction to a coherent narrative is counterproductive-a persistent critique is needed; and second, that intellectuals must attempt to disclose and know the discourse of societys Other. Yet the two systematically ignore the question of ideology and their own implication in intellectualRead MoreEssay about Happy Endings True Love8166 Words   |  33 Pagesevery day, exactly what the characters in each and every romantic comedy do - that is: meet, court, and fall (however briefly or lastingly) in love. The problem arises when a film depicting this has to navigate the obvious requirement which all narrative art faces: it must choose a point at which to end. The decision traditionally inbuilt into the romantic comedy is to end at the moment of the central couples union (or sometimes reunion), often with the obligatory embrace and kiss as the final momentRead MoreIndian English Novel17483 Words   |  70 PagesChanging tradition, the story of a changing India. The stories were there already in India steeped in folklores, myths, written in umpteen languages as India is always the land of stories. However, the concept of Indian English novel or rather the concept of Indians writing in English came much later and it is with the coming of Raja Rao, R.K. Narayan, Mulk Raj Anand, the journey of Indian English Novel began. The early Indian novels which were merely patriotic gained a rather contemporary touch with the

Theater in Ancient Greece - 1631 Words

Theatre in Ancient Greece Among the many inventions of the ancient Greeks, there have been a few that have specifically impacted modern day life for the better. Many of the things that are taken for granted today can be accredited to the intellectual minds of the people of ancient Greece. Our complicated plumbing and sewage systems that manage sanitation in most of the cities in the world have their roots in ancient society. The earliest concept of the crane was also developed during this time. Every successful society thrived on expansion, and one could not expand without the building of new structures; the invention of the crane and its evolution sped up this process of industrialization for societies to come. Despite these great†¦show more content†¦Jocasta’s (Oedipus’ mother) attempts to expel her cursed son and Oedipus’ avoiding of who he thought were his biological parents only fed into Apollo’s scheme. It was an important factor that the audience was previously awa re of this story and its outcome. As the jovial Oedipus preaches about discovering the cause of the plague and finding truth, the audience is aware that he is speaking out of ignorance and that his optimistic attitude would be short lived. This is comparable to certain entertainment pieces of the modern day. The Titanic also depicted a story that its audience knew the result of. Most people were aware of the fate of the Titanic before they had viewed the film and it undoubtedly added to the experience much like it would have in ancient Greece. Watching the joyful scenes of the patrons on the boat provokes mixed feelings of delight and dreadfulness as the actors remain in an ignorant bliss while the audience is aware that the boat will never make it to its destination. Oedipus the King concludes in a similarly destructive manner. Oedipus realizes in the climax of the play that he has in fact failed to escape the prophecy of Apollo and that he has become the incestuous murderer that h e had so carefully tried to avoid being. Oedipus is overcome with shame and disgust and gouges his eyes out and banishes himself from Thebes after seeing that hisShow MoreRelatedAnalysis on the Play Xanadu Essay513 Words   |  3 Pagesput on by the Arizona Theater Company, was an extraordinary play, with a few different cultures mixing to make a creative, fun production. This play was a mix of 80s music, apparel and art, along with a magical side with ancient Greece. Ancient Greece brought Greek mythology, which is what brought magical characters into the play. This play uses different cultures to escalate the plot, all while creating an awesome play. Art, whether it be film, television, visual art, theater and many other formsRead MoreImpact Of Religion On Greek Theatre893 Words   |  4 Pagesvery large impact on Greek theatre. Religion was related to many everyday life tasks in ancient Greece such as festivals, initiations, and oracles. Religion was a very important subject and was something they used in their everyday lives. This is why, in my opinion ,religion had a high impact on Greek theatre. â€Å" The religion of Greek people is an important aspect of the Greek culture.†(Religion in Greece Source:www.greeka.com) Greek religion was a form of polytheism, which meant that they believedRead MoreAncient Greek Culture808 Words   |  3 PagesAncient Greek Culture The culture of Ancient Greece consists of many traditions, religious practices, music, and foods. The Greeks were very religious people. There are a large number of religious festivals that were celebrated by the Greeks with great enthusiasm. Dance was also very important to the Ancient Greeks. It is said that they believed dance t improve both physical and emotional health. Men and women rarely danced together. Some dances were danced by men while others by women. TheRead MoreEssay about Clash of the Titans Critique1162 Words   |  5 PagesApril 12, 2012 Art History Clash of the Titans (1981) Cultural Accuracy The classic cinematic masterpiece â€Å"The Clash of the Titans† tells the tale of Perseus, one of the first great hero’s of ancient Greece. The film has excellent set and costume design with very accurate depictions of ancient Greek culture. From comparing the art and architecture featured in the film to the examples we learned about in class and other examples I found myself, the film appears to be set around the high toRead MoreGreek Architecture And The Architecture1597 Words   |  7 PagesAncient Greek architects pushed for the excellence and beauty seen in their works and it has left a lifetime of legacy behind them. Greek Architecture is one of the earliest forms of architecture and it is one that has influenced architects for centuries. Ancient Greece was a collection of hundreds of city-states contributed throughout the Mediterranean and Black seas. Greek life was dominated by religion and politics. The religious temples and political buildings of the time w ere the biggest andRead MoreEssay Greek Theater1157 Words   |  5 Pages Ancient Greek Theater is the first historical record of â€Å"drama,† which is the Greek term meaning â€Å"to do† or â€Å"to act.† Beginning in the 5th century BC, Greek Theater developed into an art that is still used today. During the golden age of the Athenians plays were created, plays that are considered among the greatest works of world drama. Today there are thousands of well-known plays and films based on the re-make of ancient drama. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Theater originated from the religiousRead MoreAncient Greece s Influence On The Modern World951 Words   |  4 PagesAthens was one of the most prestigious cities in the ancient civilization.   Their acropolis and how they held themselves to a higher standards than other cities in ancient Greece is what makes Greece look like how it is popularly known as today.i   So what was ancient Athens like for one to live their? First of all, let’s cover what entertainment was like in ancient Athens.   Theater’s were the primary source of entertainment. â€Å"The ancient Greek theaters developed through the ceremonial worship of theRead MoreThe Impact Of Ancient Greek Theater And Tragedy1703 Words   |  7 PagesMichimasa Kamata HUM 101-007 3/17/16 The Impact of Ancient Greek Theater and Tragedy Ancient Greek culture has influenced our modern culture in many ways from philosophy to medicine to government. We still use many of their concepts, technology, and even alphabet system. Without ancient Greece, our modern world would not have advanced as far. A significant contribution of the ancient Greek culture to the world today is the Greek theater, more specifically the structure of tragedy. Some contributionsRead MoreClassical Societies Essay905 Words   |  4 Pagesprecisely. I am choosing art from Classical Greece, Hellenistic Greece, Etruscan Civilization, Roman Republic, and Roman Empire society and I will examine a piece of art from each of those periods. The art works that I have chosen from each period are Polykleitos the Younger, theater, Epidauros, ca. 350 B.C.E, from the Classical Greece period, Portrait bust of Alexander the Great, Roman copy of a Greek original of ca. 330 B.C.E, from the Hellenistic Greece period, Tomb of the Reliefs, Cerveteri, thirdRead MoreRo man Theatre : A Diverse Art Form1045 Words   |  5 Pagesused by the Greeks. Old temporary Roman theaters normally had three doors, a temple, and the hero/heroine s home. No permanent or stone theatre was built until the final years of the Republic, possibly in 17BC. These later theaters seated thousands. There were no curtains or orchestra in the Roman theatre, despite being based on Greek theatre. The stage rose five feet. There were at least one-hundred and twenty-five of these permanent stone theaters in Rome during the empire. There were

Atoms, Molecules, Elements Free Essays

Atoms are the smallest entities which resemble the properties of an element and cannot be broken down into smaller parts. Molecules are formed when two or more atoms are combined. This formation can happen in a variety of ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Atoms, Molecules, Elements or any similar topic only for you Order Now When two oxygen atoms join O2 is formed, and when three oxygen atoms join O3 or ozone is formed. Both of these have different properties. Different atoms can also combine to form molecules. Hydrogen combines with sulfur to form H2S and hydrogen and oxygen also combine to form H2O. Dmitri Mendeleev’s Periodic table is based on atomic weight, whereas, the modern periodic table keeps the atomic number as the base. An atomic table arranges elements from left to right in a row with the atomic number and properties gradually changing. The elements on the next row will actually exhibit similar properties as the ones above or below it. This provides an example of the periodicity nature of the elements. The columns of different elements in a period have the same or very similar properties. The properties of the elements change gradually as the columns move down through the periodic table. Atoms in similar families, such as H2S and H2O, exhibit both similar properties and molecular structure. This shows periodicity in both the molecules and the individual atoms. Alkali metals contain a single electron in their outer shell rendering them highly reactive. This allows them to be ready to donate this single electron to form molecules with substances like water. Halogens are also extremely reactive containing seven electrons in their outer shell. Similar to alkali metals, halogens need only one electron in their outer shell to become stable. The reactivity of an element increases the when the number of outer shell electrons is closer to one or seven. Elements that contain eight electrons in their outer shell exhibit little or no reactivity. Alkali metals are the elements found in group one of the periodic table. Mixing these metals with water creates a strong base used to neutralize acids. An example of an alkali metal is sodium (Na). Sodium contains one free electron to donate to form instant bonds like NaCl. Chlorine (Cl) is an example of a halogen. Chlorine requires one single electron to make eight electrons in its’ outer shell. Ultimately the high reactivity of alkali metals and halogens are a result of their unstable electronic configuration in the outer shell. In contrast, noble gases tend to be non-reactive because these elements have stable electronic configurations in their outer shell. Helium, for example, has two electrons and neon has eight electrons in the outer shell. These elements do not normally react with other elements. Molecules from atoms in similar families, such as H2S and H2O, have the same type of molecular shape and structure. Sulfur is less electronegative than oxygen making the hydrogen-sulfur bond less polar than the hydrogen-oxygen bond. Due to this difference in polarity, the molecules of H2S tend to remain in a gaseous state. In contrast, the polarity between hydrogen and oxygen keeps the molecules of H2O together in a liquid state. This phenomenon is known as electrostatic attraction which is stronger in H2O molecules and weaker in H2S molecules. The electronic structure of atoms refers to the way electrons are arranged around the nucleus. Four quantum numbers describe this structure and define the position of an electron in the electronic structure of the atom. These numbers illustrate the structure and arrangement of electrons. This can also be defined as a wave function showing the probability of finding an electron in a point in space. Electronic configuration is important for chemists in understanding how and why certain elements react with other elements. This method is much simpler than the quantum model and allows chemists to predict how certain elements will react sometimes before the chemical reaction has taken place. Chemists can then theorize a reaction based on this electronic structure. Chemists can also use knowledge of the electronic structure of atoms to predict how elements will bond. They can determine whether the bond will be an electrochemical bond, a covalent bond, or a coordinate bond, etc. This also helps in explaining how certain elements will behave. Diagrams illustrating the energy level of elements also aid chemists but electronic configuration is a more preferred and simpler method for chemists to use. How to cite Atoms, Molecules, Elements, Essay examples

Management Theories Decision Making and Problem Solving

Question: Discuss about the Management Theories for Decision Making and Problem Solving. Answer: Introduction: The service quality of Arnold Palmer Hospital can be effectively increased with the application of management theories such as the contingency approach and the multivariate approach. Both of the approaches are effective in improving the service quality of the organisation. Contingency approach: In the opinion of Goetsch and Davis (2014), the approach is deals with the analysis of external environment of the organisation and the adoption of certain structure that are suitable for the organisation. The approach indicates that Arnold Palmer Hospital needs to adapt to the demand of the changing technology, need for innovation and the uncertainty in the decision-making. Moreover, the approach suggests that there is no single way to address the issues of management in the organisation. An important role is played by the situational factors in designing and managing the structure of the company. The proper flow of communication is necessary between the managers and the employees in Arnold Palmer Hospital to increase the quality of service provided. Multivariate approach: The approach considers that the organisation consists of four variables such as task, structure, technology and people that are interacted to each other. Change in the organisation can come through any of the variable. According to Kerzner (2013), change in any of the variable will lead to a change in the other variables too and thus the management of the hospital needs to equally focus on all the variables. Justification of the best approach The contingency approach is considered a more appropriate approach to manage the organisation and improve the quality of services as it provides various advantages to the managers. The approach helps to ensure that the key individuals of the organisation can be easily accessible (Mikes and Kaplan 2014). The approach provides a control over the employees and thereby the performance of the company can be increased. In order to meet the needs of the organisation, the employee roles can be altered as per requirement. Thus, it can be inferred that the approach can be effective increasing the service quality of the hospital. Implementation of most appropriate approach The implementation of the contingency approach in the organisation effectively addresses the issues related to the service management. In order to keep the employees focused towards their particular roles and adapt to the organisational environment, the managers can use the approach. As the employees are completely focused towards their assigned role, they are able to understand the work better and thereby deliver better performance (Wan et al. 2013). The quality of the services provided to the customers is thus improved. In order to apply the method effectively, the managers need to develop the planning policy system and conduct a business impact analysis. The preventive controls need to be then identified in order to develop the plan. Furthermore, the maintenance of the plan has to be ensured. The contingency approach and the multivariate approach are effective in improving the quality of the services provided to the customers. However, the contingency approach is more effective as it provides the managers a number of benefits regarding the management of the organisation. Arnold Palmer Hospital thus needs to implement and maintain the approach appropriately in order to achieve the goals and objectives. References Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014. Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Kerzner, H.R., 2013. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Mikes, A. and Kaplan, R.S., 2014, October. Towards a contingency theory of enterprise risk management. AAA. Wan, Y., Taylor, C., Roy, S., Wanke, C. and Zhou, Y., 2013. Dynamic queuing network model for flow contingency management. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 14(3), pp.1380-1392.

Management of Operators For Large Assets †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Project Management of Operators For Large Assets. Answer: Project definition in context of large assets Theproject management of large assets should include employment of a team of specialist who would be responsible for the fully integrated feasibility study with diligence studies in relation to the economic evaluations and risk assessments. A project leader is an integral part of this project as well who is responsible for specializing in coordination and integration of the inputs from discipline specialists to validate that the project has a proper and thorough appreciation of the technical issues that are within an appropriate business context. The mining consultant of the project is responsible for assisting the project team with mergers and acquisitions along with the project financing (Finnerty 2013). The tender for the project financing should be properly laid in order to implement the project successfully. Project Justification and Contract process The project is justified, as it will help in maintaining and managing larger assets. Different sites are considered for this project and the implementation of the project work according to the project plan will help in proper extraction of natural resources through a process of mining and their maintenance. The contract type decided for this project is a cost plus contract. This contract is chosen as it involves the payment of the actual costs of the project, purchases and other expenses obtained directly from the different construction activity. This contract will involve specific and clear information about the pre-negotiated amount of the project costs which will cover the contractors overhead and profit. The detailing of the cost in accordance to direct and indirect costs is necessary in this type of contract (Brandes et al. 2012). Project Financing The project financing is carried out keeping in mind the resources and the cash flow related with the project. The finance should include the potential benefits of the project and the profits from the investments. The financing of this project has undergone three phases, which includes the pre-decision phase that consisted of undergoing proper feasibility studies, experts opinion and aimed at selecting the best version of the project (Winch 2014). The second phase included the investment phase that deals with the planning and contract of the different materials that would be required for the project, services, equipments needed and furnishing. This included the traditional activities contractors hiring and managing their supply chain. The third phase includes the operations phase that estimates the use of facility and resource management as a part of the project requirements (Finnerty 2013). Project Condition, Project Team and Project processes The general project condition includes tools, resources and equipments needed to implement the project. The project tender estimates the costs of the equipments needed, tools and resources as well. The tender further includes the pre development fee, utilities, and office trailers, cost of vehicles and dumpsters, clean up, project staff and labor wages as well (Chin et al. 2012). The members of the project team includes- A project manager A construction manager Project stakeholders Project Owners Contractors Sub Contractors Project Scheduler Safety Manager Staffs and laborers The majorproject management processes related to this project is communication management process and resource management. Different communication planning methods can be implemented for maintaining proper communication flow within the project and to keep the stakeholders informed about the project progress. This is a part of aproject management process, which helps in delivery of successful projects. The resource management process is essential for keeping a track of the project requirements. Expected estimate The expected estimates of the project labor plant materials and subcontractors and other team members are elaborated in the following table Resource Name Std. Rate Project Manager $80.00/hr Workers $35.00/hr Construction manager $80.00/hr Laborers $20.00/hr Sub contractors $50.00/hr Contractors $70.00/hr Business Analyst $70.00/hr Materials cost (estimated) $1000000 Equipments Cost (estimated) $900000 Safety manager $50.00/hr Project Scheduler $45.00/hr Quality assurance manger $45.00/hr Requirements of project changes The requirements or causes of the project change are listed below (Stark 2015)- The difference in opinion of the project stakeholders may lead to the changes in project requirements. Possibility of change in this project requirement should be considered in the tender. Changes in the regulation can be considered as another requirement of project changes. If new regulations or legislations are introduced, it may result in change of project scope and requirements. The improper requirement specification is another major reason of requirements of project changes in particular project. Changes in sponsorship may lead to the requirements of project changes and therefore, this criteria should also be kept in mind Another requirement of project change may be due to the change in the business strategy that may ultimately lead to the change in scope and requirements of a project. Updated technology mainly during a long project as this may be another reason of requirement of project changes. Requirements for Quality Assurance and Quality control Quality Assurance and quality control is required for this project in order to ensure that the project meets the specified requirements (Oakes 2012). The requirement for ensuring quality control and quality assurance for the project includes- The need for through testing of every phases of the project to ensure that the project under development meets the set specification A quality control manager should be appointed who would be in charge of the project quality assurance The routine quality testing is essential for assuring the specified quality of the project. Proper operational techniques should be identified for fulfilling the requirements based on the quality of the project. Different operational actions should be supervised by the quality control manager to ensure the specified quality of the product Requirements for document management, reporting and governance Document management is necessary for keeping a track of the of the project progress according to the planned schedule. Furthermore, it helps in keeping a track of all the project works. The requirements of documents management include appointed of a document manager who would be responsible for keeping a track of the project works and archive all the project documents (Winch 2014). Project reporting is necessary to keep the project owner and project stakeholders updated about the project progress. The sub contractors are responsible for reporting to the contractors, who in turn report to the construction manager and project manager. The tender should include the cost of reporting as well. Project governance or project supervision is necessary to ensure that the project is implemented according to the project plan. The project manager and the construction manager is responsible for project governance and therefore, the requirements of governance includes project and construction manager. Requirements for disputes, Arbitration and mediation Arbitration and mediation are the two methods of dispute resolution. Arbitration is a dispute resolution technique that are used for resolving the disputes outside the court. It is generally used for resolution of commercial disputes and therefore it is necessary requirement of a project. A single mediator who helps in facilitating the discussion and eventual resolution of the dispute however, conducts mediation. This is another major requirement that should be considered in this project. 10. Requirements for Safety Ensuring project safety is an integral part of project management. Therefore, requirements for safety in a project includes Designing of a safety manual by the project supervisor for ensuring the safety of a project The project should comply by the legal requirements in ensuring the safety of the workers. Workers safety should be considered as a first priority. References Brandes, T.T., Fernandez, P.B., Issa, P., Lee, V.Y. and Ma, L.J., Sprint Communications Company LP, 2012. System and method for project contract management. U.S. Patent 8,108,232. Chin, C.M.M., Spowage, A.C. and Yap, E.H., 2012. Project Management Methodologies: A Comparative Analysis Participation. Journal for the Advancement of Performance Information Value, 4(1). Finnerty, J.D., 2013. Project financing: Asset-based financial engineering. John Wiley Sons. Finnerty, J.D., 2013. Project financing: Asset-based financial engineering. John Wiley Sons. Oakes, M.G., 2012. Project reviews, assurance and governance. Gower Publishing, Ltd.. Stark, J., 2015. Product lifecycle management. In Product Lifecycle Management (Volume 1) (pp. 1-29). Springer International Publishing. Winch, G.M., 2014. Three domains of project organising. International Journal of Project Management, 32(5), pp.721-731. Winch, G.M., 2014. Three domains of project organising. International Journal of Project Management, 32(5), pp.721-731.

Globalization Metaphysical Perspective of the Western Industrialized World

The development of the world is something that touches each person on this planet and creates new circumstances to live in. This is why globalization and industrialization are the two notions, which people should care about and enlarge their knowledge about day by day. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Globalization: Metaphysical Perspective of the Western Industrialized World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The metaphysical perspective of the western industrialized world may oppress people in many ways: children have nothing to do but accept the already existed conditions without any opportunity to change something from the very beginning, the metaphysics of the reality people live in cannot be examined properly, because people do not really comprehend how significant this very issue is, and, finally, it is not that easy to define who are really interested in the technological development and a life on the earth that is closely connected to planetary perspective only. With the help of the articles by David Carpenter and David Peat, we will try to analyze how exactly the metaphysical perspective of the representatives from the western industrialized world may oppress this world and destroy cultures. Without any doubts, â€Å"European consciousness dominates the world† (Peat, 1997). In order to comprehend the ideas of the metaphysics perspective, it is also possible to address the article of this author, who uses our society’s metaphysics in comparison to another society. With the help of Peat’s ideas, we come to the conclusion that each thing that people take as an inevitable is considered to be a kind of social conditioned perceptions, and this is why people are responsible for any change in this world, and people have to be ready to cope with the difficulties, created by themselves. Another writer, who presents really interesting information about the development of this world and this development’s impact on people, is David Carpenter. He admits that children are our future, and this is why it is crucially important to protect them by any possible means, providing all the necessary environment to be healthy and safe (Carpenter, 2006). To my mind, nurses are one of those people, who may provide the necessary support to the population to overcome all the changes, connected to the world’s industrialization and globalization. These people have close connection to health care and other issues, which provide safer future for our children. Smoking, drugs’ using, and use of not clean water – all this cause certain problems with health and abilities to accept industrialization, specially, it touches the Western countries. This is why nurses should be responsible for such things as the presentation of the information concerning healthy eating and drinking, spending time outside, dangers of smoking, etc. It is also necessary to remember about all those things, which our ancestors presented to us. Of course, lots of people try to find out as many reasons to promote the technological growth, however, we should be able to remember about our past and all those loses, our ancestors faced to safe this world for use. In order to live this life properly, people should think about the ways of how to develop and improve our present and create safe future, but not at expense of our past. Only in this case, people will get all the opportunities to feel the improvement and not to forget how it is to be a human, not dependent on technologies.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In general, I want to admit that the metaphysical perspective of this world’s industrialization remains one of the most burning issues nowadays. People should be able to develop and encourage the use of technologies, but not to forget a bout the ideas from the past. Such attention to past will help to comprehend that health is of great importance, and our children should have a change to life in healthy future, not spoiled by the technological process. Reference List Carpenter, D. O. (2006). Children’s Environmental Health in Central Asia and the Middle East. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, 12(4), 362-368. Peat, F. D. (1997). Blackfoot Physics and European Minds. Futures, 29(6), 563-573. This essay on Globalization: Metaphysical Perspective of the Western Industrialized World was written and submitted by user Mya K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tick Tock essays

Tick Tock essays A thirty-year-old detective-novelist living in southern California named Tommy Phan is on top if the world. He had just purchased a brand new Corvette and is living his fantasy of living the American dream. On his way home he calls his mother to inform her of his new toy. After feeling guilty about the conversation, because he is living his dream and not living with his family and working at the family business. On his way home he stops at a diner to get something to eat he meets a young blond. After he pays he speeds up in his new car so he can arrive home. When he arrives at his home he notices a small rag doll on his doorstep. Confused, but intrigued he picks up the doll and carried it inside. He proceeded up his stairs to his computer work with the doll still in hand and placed it up against a lamp. After he sits down he studies the doll more carefully and notices a small folded note with a pin holding its place next to the small hand. The note is written in Viennese, no t knowing the language since he was eight, he puts it down and examines the doll and sees two stitched crosses where the eyes should be, one for the nose, one over the heart, and five for the mouth. He leaves the room and when he enters the doll isn't where he left it and there is a message on his computer that had not been there before. It reads " the deadline is dawn ". Scared by the note he tries to find the doll. When he picks it up off the floor and props the doll next to the lamp where it had been before. He starts to work on his books, about a detective named Chippen Wen a charming, brave man who can do anything if he has a gun and his fists. A small pop alarms him and he looks at the doll and notices that the stitching across the heart on the doll was not there. He picks up the doll and places his hand over the heart and can here ticking, almost like a heart beating. Another popping sound and he could see eyes and a mouth. Breaking out ...

Economics of Human Capital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economics of Human Capital - Essay Example he justification for this argument was that essentially the amount of available land for production was believed to be limited due to the fact that land cannot grow at the same pace as capital and labor, consequently, land becomes insufficient, and capital and labor in the end become saturated and less efficient and less profitable (Mauro & Fernandez 68). This essay discusses the role of human capital in economic growth. Nevertheless, these early growth framework took in a fourth variable—knowledge, or technological development, that allowed available capital and labor to generate greater yields on specific amounts of land. The rate and extent of transformation of this fourth variable was viewed as exogenous to the framework—knowledge only grew constantly by itself and not as an outcome of investments or capital constituted within the framework. However, examinations of the potential sources of increases in national productivity over time revealed consistently that this inadequately known and non-quantifiable variable-- technological development-- comprised a substantial portion of overall economic development all over the 20th century (Qadri & Waheed 93). Obviously, economists did not accept the assumption that knowledge expanded without help, and hence several adjustments on this framework enable ‘labor’ input to expand not just by increasing work hours and people, but a lso by hypothesizing that the labor force’s human capital could, successfully, expand by means of training and education. This model is quite subjective, and, according to numerous economists, scarcely better than merely considering technological development as a residual variable that provides explanation of the portion of economic progress that cannot be clarified by expansion in physical or human capital (Becker(b) 57). During the 1980s, economists became fascinated with a modeling framework referred to as ‘New Growth Theory’, which viewed the role of growth in technological and

Contracts Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Contracts - Assignment Example The appellant proved that Woods did not seek an equivalent request for her explicit promise. In addition, she did not make any requests for any proceeds from Wood in a manner that would have provided a sense of her â€Å"consideration†, which was vital for the validity of the contract. In light of this, the court established that even though, Wood failed to create a binding contract by not seeking the input of the other party, it was naturally implicit for the party to conduct himself in a reasonable manner by delivering half of the proceeds he was to obtain. The primary rationale behind the ruling was that for a contractual term to be deemed as implicit, they must be very clear to validate the contract. This means that in common law, parties to a contract must foster a relationship that undercuts formalism of the document signing process. The English case law of Chandler v Webster [1904] 1 KB 493 involved frustration in the performance of contracts. Mr. Webster entered into an agreement with Mr. Chandler, in which the latter party would have an accommodation on a strategic street to witness the Kings installation on June 26 1902. In the initial agreement, the tenant was supposed to pay 141 £ 15s. Mr. Chandler had rented the room on behalf of another party who was not impressed by it; besides, the party could not use it due to other commitments elsewhere. In light of these changes, Mr. Chandler paid  £100 on June 19 and requested Mr. Webster to raise money using part of the room, and promised to settle the shortfall in a letter dated June 10, if any occurred under the new arrangement. The King became unwell prompting the cancellation of the event (McKendrick 730). The High Court ruled that the claimant could not reclaim the  £100, and that his letter dated 10th June was clear enough that he would only settle the balance after the ceremony. The defendant was also disbarred

Research on Effects of Sibling Birth on Jealousy

Research on Effects of Sibling Birth on Jealousy The Birth of a Sibling: Companion or Competition? Samantha A. Sang Sibling relationships that develop a balance of nurturance and conflict can provide numerous learning opportunities for young children (Volling, McElwain, Miller, 2002). For instance, children can learn other’s perspectives, learn different strategies to resolve conflict, as well as learn to regulate their own emotions. Specifically, younger siblings who experience a balance of nurturance and conflict in their sibling relationships have been found to be more socially skilled and have more positive peer relationships compared with children who lack the sibling experience (Volling et al., 2002).Thus, it is not the absence of conflict rather how conflict is resolved that benefits the quality of a sibling relationship. Sibling conflict refers to the â€Å"unique interpersonal dyadic dynamics of sibling interactions, which may be motivated by, but not synonymous with sibling jealousy† (Volling et. al., 2002). It is well-known that parents cannot attend and respond to both c hildrens needs at all times; thus, jealousy could very well be a normal, perhaps daily, experience for young children. Older siblings are often thought of as â€Å"leaders, managers, and teachers† of their younger siblings during critical periods of development (e.g., preschool, middle-childhood; Kolak, Volling, 2011). Moreover, older siblings are the more dominant person in the sibling relationship and can exert more influence on the sibling relationship throughout childhood. Previous research has shown that older siblings’ behavior toward their younger siblings is more stable from preschool through middle childhood than younger siblings’ behavior toward their older siblings (Kolak, Volling, 2011). This stability, along with the more dominant role of older siblings, may explain why older siblings’ jealousy reactions are stronger predictors of the sibling relationship quality many years later (Kolak, Volling, 2011). Sibling Jealousy Jealousy is a complex social emotion. Complex because it is not simply a single emotional expression, but rather a patterned response of emotional affect, behavior, and cognitive appraisal (Volling, Yu, Gonzalez, Kennedy, Rosenberg, Oh, 2014). Intense debates have occurred among scholars in regards to the distinction between jealousy and envy; whether jealousy is a simple, complex, or blended emotion; and whether it is caused by threats to self-esteem or threats to a valued relationship (White and Mullen, 1989). Although different perspective exist, it is pivotal to understand that jealousy cannot be defined nor understood without reference to a social context (Volling, McElwain, Miller, 2002). Specifically, jealousy occurs in the context of a social triangle (White and Mullen, 1989). There are three dyadic relationships within the triangle in addition to the triadic relationship system: (a) the relationship between the jealous individual and the beloved, (b) the relationship between the beloved and the rival, and (c) the relationship between the jealous individual and the rival (White Mullen, 1989). In order to elicit jealousy, the relationship between the jealous person and the beloved must be a valued close relationship (e.g., mother-child). Furthermore, jealousy is elicited by the real or perceived loss of this relationship to a rival. It is not simply the loss of love that elicits jealousy; it is the loss of attention from the beloved to a rival (White Mullen, 1989). Hupka (1984) has shown that individuals in jealousy eliciting situations can feel a range of emotions including fear, anger, or even relief, depending on the individuals focus of attention with respect to the social triangle. For example, if individuals focus on the loss of the relationship, sadness may be reported; whereas, if individuals focus on the betrayal of their beloved, anger may be reported; and lastly, if individuals focus on being left alone, anxiety or fear may be reported (Hupka, 1984). Birth of a Sibling Elicits Sibling Jealousy The birth of a sibling can be a stressful life event for young children; consequently, firstborn children are likely to experience jealousy at the arrival of their infant sibling (Volling et. al., 2014). Past research indicates that young children are sensitive to the loss of attention to another. First, toddler and preschool children were aware of the interactions occurring between their mother and their sibling and often times, would try to disrupt the ongoing interaction (Dunn, 1988). Second, studies that addressed childhood jealousy have demonstrated that children as young as 1 year of age were sensitive to maternal attention directed toward an infant-size doll, a newborn infant or an unfamiliar peer (Volling et. al., 2002). So, it is not surprising that young children are aware of the loss of attention when a parent turns his or her attention from them and interacts with their infant sibling and this awareness elicits jealousy (Volling et. al., 2002). Jealousy can differ for individuals depending on their cognitive appraisal of the jealousy eliciting situation when they believe their relationship with their beloved is threatened by the rival (Kolak Volling, 2011). For instance, a child may appraise the infant sibling as a threat to their own mother-child relationship, feel anxious, and interfere in the mother–infant interaction, or a child may appraise their mother as inaccessible, feel sadness, and withdraw from the mother-infant interaction. The firstborn’s jealousy toward their infant sibling can impact their sibling relationship quality later in development. Children’s initial reactions three weeks after their sibling’s birth predicted their behavior with their mother and sibling at 14 months (Kendrick Dunn, 1982). For instance, children who were demanding and difficult shortly after their sibling’s birth protested the mother–sibling interaction more compared to children who positively approached their infant sibling (Kendrick Dunn, 1982). Moreover, children who were initially withdrawn were more likely to develop poor sibling relationships over time (Kendrick Dunn, 1982). Attachment as a Potential Moderator The Strange Situation (SS) is â€Å"a videotaped laboratory based procedure that consists of seven three-minute episodes including two parent–child separations and reunions† (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, Wall, 1978). Individual differences in infants’ attachment relationships can be classified as secure or insecure. Attachment classifications are based on the child’s ability to balance proximity and exploration and to obtain comfort when distressed from their mother (Ainsworth et. al., 1978). Not only do physical separations from mothers in the SS activate attachment behaviors, but so too does the child’s appraisal of their mother’s accessibility when caring for their infant sibling. The birth of a sibling may create disruptions in the relationship between the mother and her firstborn child that can lead to instability in their attachment relationship (Touris, Kromelow, Harding, 1995). Bowlby (1969) acknowledged that for most young children, â€Å"the mere sight of mother holding another baby in her arms is enough to elicit strong attachment behavior†. So, it is understandable that many of the behaviors associated with jealousy (e.g., clinging, touching, proximity seeking, and distress) are also attachment behaviors (Volling et. al., 2014). From an attachment perspective, children who have a secure attachment to their mother should explore freely, even when their mother is interacting with their infant sibling. They may monitor their mother’s whereabouts or the mother-infant interactions, but they should not disrupt the interaction. Whereas, insecurely attached children will cry and protest in response to their mother’s interactions with the ir infant sibling. They will stay in close proximity to their mother and may even physically interfere with the mother-infant interactions (Volling et. al., 2014). If witnessing the mother–infant interaction adequately engages attachment behaviors, then individual differences in children’s jealousy may reflect their internal working models of their attachment relationship with their mothers. The quality of sibling interaction has been related to the mother-child attachment relationship. Children who were insecurely attached to their mothers at 12 months of age were more aggressive in their conflicts with their younger sibling when they were 6-years-old (Volling et. al., 2014). On the other hand, Teti and Ablard (1989) found that more secure preschoolers were significantly more likely to react to their younger sibling’s distress than less securely attached preschoolers. Emotion Regulation as a Potential Moderator Early attachment relationships play a primary role in the development of young children’s emotion regulation development (Volling, 2001). Children whose mothers are sensitive and consistent to their children’s needs not only develop secure attachments to their mothers, but are also thought to develop a greater capacity to share affect, to enjoy social interactions, to maintain organized behavior during an emotionally arousing event, and to display empathy for others (Volling, 2001). In contrast, children whose emotional needs are repeatedly rejected by their mothers are more likely to develop insecure attachments and are also more likely to develop poor regulatory strategies whereby they minimize attention to their attachment relationship and minimize their emotional expressiveness (Volling, 2001). These children may become physiologically aroused in the face of stress, but may also remain expressionless so that they do not risk further rejection and anger on the part o f the mother (Volling, 2001). Emotion regulation consists of the extrinsic and intrinsic processes responsible for monitoring, evaluating, and modifying emotional reactions, especially their intensive and temporal features, to accomplish ones goals† (Thompson, 1994). Even though this definition emphasizes both internal and external processes, Campos and colleagues (1994) revealed that past research that examines emotion regulation focuses on the internal processes and rarely considers the external factors that may contribute to emotion regulation. Studies investigating the process of emotion regulation should include â€Å"the social context that elicited the need for regulation in the first place and that specifies the rules of proper conduct† (Campos, 1994). Specifically because jealousy cannot be fully understood without reference to the social context, it is pivotal to examine children’s emotion regulation skills as a potential moderator between the birth of a sibling and firstborn’ s feelings of jealousy. Young children have several regulatory strategies that can be utilized in jealousy eliciting situations. Three possible regulatory strategies that might be used by toddler and preschool siblings when confronted with jealousy are (a) to interfere with the interaction between their mother and sibling, (b) to direct anger toward either their mother or sibling, and/or (c) to focus attention on alternative pleasurable activities (i.e., play; Volling et. al., 2014). Children who successfully cope to distress in jealousy eliciting situations engage in self-focused, exploratory play while monitoring the mother-infant interaction rather than protesting or physically interfering (Volling et. al., 2014). Firstborn children who were highly dysregulated during jealousy eliciting situations are at an increased risk for expressing more negative affect. Furthermore, children’s inability to regulate their jealousy may be suggestive of poor emotion regulation skills, which may, in turn, be detrimental to sibling relationship quality (Kolak Voling, 2011). In contrast, firstborn children who are better regulated (i.e. better able to regulate their jealousy) appear to have the essential emotion regulation skills for engaging positively with their siblings (Kolak Voling, 2011). Children’s ability to regulate emotions during jealousy eliciting situations is a critical component for successful relationships with their sibling (Kolak Voling, 2011). But, little is known about children’s ability to regulate emotions during jealousy eliciting situations and its impact on the quality of the sibling relationship later in development. The only support is from Kolak and Volling (2011) that found that jealousy and dysregulation is related to more troubled sibling interactions two years later. The Current Study The current study is a longitudinal design that will address three aims: (a) to examine if the birth of a sibling elicits jealousy in the firstborn child, (b) to examine if the firstborn’s jealousy of their infant sibling is related to their sibling relationship quality five years later, and finally, (c) to examine if the firstborn’s attachment and emotion regulation moderates the relationship between the birth of a sibling and jealousy (Figure 1). Prior research on the birth of a sibling has described some children as clingy, anxious-withdrawn, or oppositional after the birth (Volling et. al., 2014), so we hypothesized that (a) children who have a secure attachment with their mother before the birth of their sibling will not experience as much jealousy as insecurely attached children, and (b) children who demonstrate better emotion regulation skills will not experience as much jealousy as less emotionally regulated children. Due to individual differences, different pat terns of jealousy and its impact on sibling relationship quality will emerge five years later. References Ainsworth, M.D.S., Blehar, M.C., Waters, E., Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. New York, NY: Basic Books. Buist, K. L., Paalman, C. H., Branje, S. J. T., DekoviĆ¡, M., Reitz, E., Verhoeven, M., Meeus, W. H. J., Koot, H. M, Hale,William W., I.,II. (2014). Longitudinal effects of sibling relationship quality on adolescent problem behavior: A cross-ethnic comparison.Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology,20(2), 266-275. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0033675 Campos, J., Mumme, D. L., Kermoian, R., Campos, R.(1994). Commentary: A functionalist perspective on the nature of emotion. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59(2-3, Serial No. 240). Dunn, J. (1988). The beginnings of social understanding. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Hupka, R. B. (1984). Jealousy: Compound emotion or label for a particular situation? Motivation and Emotion, 8, 141-155. Kendrick, C., Dunn, J. (1982). Protest or pleasure? The response of first-born children to interactions between their mothers and infant siblings. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 23, 117-129. Kolak, A. M., Volling, B. L. (2011). Sibling jealousy in early childhood: longitudinal links to sibling relationship quality. Infant Child Development, 20(2), 213-226. doi:10.1002/icd.690 Teti, D. M., Ablard, K. E. (1989). Security of attachment and infant–sibling relationships: A laboratory study. Child Development, 60, 1519–1528. doi:10.2307/1130940 Thompson, R. A. (1994). Emotion regulation: A theme in search of definition. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development 59(2-3, Serial No. 240). Touris, M., Kromelow, S., Harding, C. (1995). Mother-firstborn attachment and the birth of a sibling.American Journal of Orthopsychiatry,65(2), 293-297. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0079614 Volling, B. L. (2001). Early attachment relationships as predictors of preschool childrens emotion regulation with a distressed sibling.Early Education and Development,12(2), 185-207. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15566935eed1202_2 Volling, B. L., Yu, T., Gonzalez, R., Kennedy, D. E., Rosenberg, L., Oh, W. (2014). Children’s responses to mother–infant and father–infant interaction with a baby sibling: Jealousy or joy?Journal of Family Psychology,28(5), 634-644. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0037811 Volling, B. L., Yu, T., Gonzalez, R., Kennedy, D. E., Rosenberg, L., Oh, W. (2014). Children’s responses to mother–infant and father–infant interaction with a baby sibling: Jealousy or joy?Journal of Family Psychology,28(5), 634-644. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0037811 White, G. L., Mullen, P. E. (1989). Jealousy: Theory, research, and clinical strategies. New York: Guilford Press. Figure 1.

Cultivation Theory Essay

Cultivation theory was created by George Gerbner, founder of the cultural environment movement and dean of communications at the University of Pennsylvania. Cultivation theory deals with the content of television and how it affects and shapes society for television viewers. The theory suggests that the violence embedded in television causes regular viewers to form exaggerated beliefs of society as a meaner and scary world. This is known as mean world syndrome. Although less than one percent of the population are victims of violent crimes in any one year period, heavy exposure to violent crimes through television can lead to the belief that no one can be trusted in what appears to be a violent world. Television sets are slowly replacing schools and churches as the main storyteller for families. People are watching television religiously instead of going to church. It is more common to stay at home on Sundays and watch football or the newest reality show out. It’s the wenty-four seven real life drama that television offers that attracts people to become a regular TV viewer. In their devotion to watching television on a regular basis they are exposed to the violence that is embedded in most shows on the air. Gerbner provides his three-prong plug, which is his framework for understanding why more television consumption leads to a misled perception of a risky world filled with crime. The first prong for the plug represents the concern for why media chooses the messages they deliver. Violence is a stable message delivered by the media, because it is cheap and easy to sell globally. This is mainly because violence is a universal language that is understood by everyone. The second prong represents the concern for figuring out the exact messages that television delivers. In order to do so Gerbner uses what he calls, Message System Analysis, which ultimately supplies a numerical value for what for what messages television contains. The scope of what is considered a violent message consist of any show that portrays overt expression of physical force compelling action against ones will on pain of being hurt and killed, or threatened to be victimized as part of the plot. According to Gerbner’s studies before the average TV viewer graduates from high school they will have observed thirteen thousand traumatic deaths on television. The Third and final prong represents the concern for analyzing how television content affects viewers in particular, your typical couch potato who watches television all day. Television cultivates and shapes realities towards viewers; the more a person ingests messages of violence portrayed in television the more likely they are to view the real world as a mean and scary place. Personally I do not watch television with the exception of sports, but even then you can’t avoid seeing violent acts whether it’s in a commercial for a movie or video game violence has become prominent in our society. Cultivation theory is something that affects everyone one way or another; if you personally are not affected by it chances are you know someone who is. It was something that was very obvious to me even at a young age. I grew up going to school in Windsor but living in Hartford. I noticed the mean world effect at a young age because most of my friends from school weren’t allowed to come over my house because I lived in Hartford. Back then it wasn’t as clear to me as it is now, but even to this day it still happens. Not that my friends can’t Come over but they would rather I go to where they live instead. So even today I see the effect mean world syndrome can have on people. This day in age media is something everyone is familiar with from old to young. With technology advancing at the rate it is media will have more and ore influence on our every day lives. Growing up in a generation of constant advancements in technology I have witnessed first hand how the media has used technology it to its advantage. From being able to watch live news on your phone, to getting updates from an app media is at our disposal and very easy to access. In the next ten years, media will only get bigger and bigger because it is a non-stop, twenty-four hours a day business market. It will continue to change with the advancements in technology and expand with new way to broadcasts itself.